![]() ![]() § Recommended for novice researchers and simple research projects. § It is good to include in the dissertation appendix. § Keep one especially if you are working with multiple colleagues on the same project. § The number of suggested codes and themes varies among researchers. § Splitting is more time consuming and tedious, but it is more detail-oriented. § Even though lumping takes less time, it can sometimes leave out essential data. § “Lumping gets to the essence of categorizing a phenomenon while splitting encourages careful scrutiny of social action represented in the data (p. What do I see going on here? What did I learn from these notes?.How do memebers talk about, characterize, and understand what is going on?.How, exactly, do they do this? What specific means and/or strategies do they use?.“What are people doing? What are they trying to accomplish?.§ Refers to Emerson, Fretz, & Shaw (1995)’s set of questions on p. § Recommends a three column approach: (1) Raw Data, (2) Preliminary Codes, (3) Final Code key words or phrases in the text that stand out upon an initial read. § Precoding is highlighting, bolding, underlining, etc. Therefore, it is our interpretation and we must recognize that. As the researcher, we are selecting where an essential break occurs, which might be different for someone else. O The way we format our coding and our documents is a choice and therefore influences the data analysis. ![]() § Only experienced researchers should code the essential because they are then able to feel which data are important and relevant for coding purposes. O Some advocate everything and anything as a data source. § “A theme is an outcome of coding, categorization, and analytic reflection, not something that is, in itself, coded (p. O The Differences Between Codes and Themes § They move from the particular to the general using inference, asserting that what happened in this particular context could occur in other similar contexts, or by predicting patterns that could occur in other contexts. § Theories are similar to key assertions. ![]() § “Qualitative inquiry demands meticulous attention to language and deep reflection on the emergent patters and meanings of human experience (p. § Categories can be broken down into sub categories, which are supported by codes. O “To codify is to arrange things in a systematic order, to make something part of a system or classification, to categorize (p. § “I advocate that qualitative codes are essence-capturing and essential elements of the research story that, when clustered together according to similarity and regularity – a pattern – they actively facilitate the development of categories and thus analysis of their connections (p. § “Coding is not just labeling, it is linking (p. § Coding filters differ by the researcher and are determined by the researcher’s lens.
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